Key cases: Delaney v. Central Valley Golf Club, Inc. – New York, 1942 (43 N.E.2d 716); Holland v. Edwards – New York, 1954 (119 N.E.2d 581); Everett v. Harron – Pennsylvania, 1955 (110 A.2d 383); Castle Hill Beach Club, Inc. v. Arbury – New York, 1957 (142 N.E.2d 186); Evans v. Ross – New Jersey, 1959 (154 A.2d 441)
| Harlem, New York City (1939) - courtesy New York Public Library Congress of Racial Equality march, Brooklyn, New York (1963) - courtesy Wikimedia Commons “One intent on violating the Law Against Discrimination cannot be expected to declare or announce his purpose. Far more likely is it that he will pursue his discrimination practices in ways that are devious, by methods subtle and elusive for we deal with an area in which ‘subtleties of conduct … play no small part.’” – Justice Stanley Fuld, in Holland “The defendants …
frankly admit that a crude attempt to give the enterprise the character of a
private club in order to justify a selective admission of applicants was but a
device to keep Negroes from the swimming pools.” – Justice __, in Harron
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EMPIRE OF LAWS - The Legal History of the 50 American States > 2. MID-ATLANTIC LEGAL HISTORY > 2.6. The Mid-Atlantic States: Depression, War and Cultural Nationalization (1925-1965) > 2.6.1. The Mid-Atlantic States (1925-1965): Struggling With the Depression >